Social aspects in organisational cyber-security effectiveness - Of British coal mines, resilience and emergence

Cyber-security, which plays a key role in all areas of the digital world, from the power grid to healthcare, is mainly addressed from an analytical, engineering perspective. This research looks at social factors impacting real-life cyber-security, and their possible effects, such as resilience and emergence. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants from a broad range of international organisations. Their analysis shows that social factors are indeed relevant to cyber-security. Tension within social structures in organisations (e.g., employee-supervisor relationship, and peer pressure within teams) can significantly impact cyber-security effectiveness. The study concludes that cyber-security should be addressed through social-technical system design, in recognition of the fundamental interdependence of social and technical aspects. As a corollary, organisational cyber-security needs to be treated as a so-called wicked problem, for which a reductionist engineering approach is futile. The complexity and ambiguity of cyber-security’s socio-technical challenges calls for adequate principles, ways of thinking and methods

Defining Archetypes and Requirements for mHealth Interventions in Rural Kenya: An Investigation in Collaboration with CURAFA™

Designing and implementing successful mobile health (mHealth) applications is always challenging, but even more so in countries and communities in rural areas where the target population have access to limited resources. While some mHealth initiatives have shown success and potential in Kenya, still too many fail. One of the reasons for failure is the limited understanding of the health-seeking behavior and social-technological context of the rural Kenyan population. This study aims to use a mixed-method approach to define archetypes of rural Kenyan patients and translate them into requirements which can guide the design and implementation of user-centric mHealth interventions in rural Kenya. With this study, we show how practitioners can leverage existing organizational and social structures in developing countries to develop mobile health applications tailored to patients’ needs

A Cognitive Perspective on Digital Transformation: Literature Review and Research Framework

Managing Digital Transformation (DT) has become a top priority for executives as technological advancements and increasing decision-making complexity accelerate challenges in navigating through DT. Acknowledging that cognition (e.g., in the form of thoughts, beliefs, and emotions) is fundamentally relevant during organizational transformation processes, we address the maturing body of DT research from a cognitive perspective. While the study of cognition in management and strategy can look back to decades of investigation, research on the role of cognition in DT is fragmented and still in its infancy. Addressing this gap, we systematically review existing research from information systems, management, and psychology on the role of cognition in DT. Based on identified antecedents, contextual factors, and consequences, and a conceptualization of cognition, we provide an integrative framework for cognitive DT research and derive four promising research avenues. We thereby provide guidelines to develop strategies for successful DT and organizational action

InnoPulse: a Tool to Support Collaborative Reflection in Creativity-Driven Engineering Projects

To equip students with the practical capability to innovate, academic institutions are promoting industry collaboration projects, where students use creative approaches, such as, design thinking (DT), to solve complex business challenges. In creative team work, the ability to reflect upon and improve team dynamics is vital. However, research on the role of digital technology to support collaborative reflection is still in its infancy. This study presents a digital solution that uses micro surveys as an additional source of information for Educational Data Mining (EDM) analyses to support the collaborative reflection of students working in creativity-driven engineering projects. Using design science research, we identify the design requirements of the InnoPulse tool, implement the corresponding design features and evaluate our digital solution in a real-world educational setting. Our findings pave the way for the potential of ad-hoc data collection strategies to improve the collaborative reflection of students applying DT methods

The Nexus of Design Thinking and Intrapreneurship: Insights from a large-scale empirical assessment

Although the nexus of Design Thinking (DT) and corporate entrepreneurship being heralded as promising, the concrete compositional architecture of how DT manifests in practice has received limited scholarly attention. Drawing on the argument that DT can facilitate intrapreneurial innovation by enabling effective cognition, we developed a multidimensional assessment model that measures DT for intrapreneurial innovation in an organizational context and applied it via an online survey to 547 organizations of different sizes and industries. An analysis of the dimensional and sub-dimensional values obtained from the quantitative survey data in general, and concerning industry and firm size types in detail, enriches our understanding of DT’s manifestation in practice. We provide practitioners with a useful tool to assess, benchmark, plan, analyze, and communicate the use of DT for intrapreneurial innovation, and guide future DT and entrepreneurship researchers seeking practitioner-relevant insights with nine propositions derived from our observations

Redes Sociais: O tumblr e suas práticas escolares.

Este artigo objetiva analisar a aplicação do tumblr, como uma ferramenta de ensino com o intuito de quebrar o tradicionalismo das salas de aula e deixar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem mais atrativo. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma turma do ensino médio de uma escola de rede pública localizada em Olinda-PE. Para a metodologia realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória de natureza quantitativa, onde foram analisados questionários aplicados aos alunos, o primeiro com o intuito de identificar qual a melhor prática para inserir a rede social tumblr em um ambiente escolar, e o segundo para medir se a aplicação foi eficaz. Como resultado, esta pesquisa caracterizaa turma escolhida, apresenta quais atividades foram realizadas e o resultado da análise feita após a coleta de dados, diante do uso de uma pedagogia diferenciada

Use of Images and Clinical Experience to Calibrate Dental Surgeons for the Diagnosis of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

Objective: To evaluate an imaging protocol for use as a diagnostic and calibration tool for dentists before and after practical activity. Material and Methods: Thirty photos of children\u27s teeth with or without changes in dental enamel were selected and evaluated by a group of experienced dentists previously calibrated to establish the diagnosis defined as the gold standard. After instructions, the images were shown to a group of postgraduate dentists for free identification of dental changes. Subsequently, a lecture on molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) was carried out, and, at 14 days and all calibration was performed using the criteria previously. The retest was performed at 28 days. After experience in clinical activity in the following two weeks, the post-test was performed at 49 days.  Data were analyzed using Cohen\u27s kappa coefficient. Results: Theoretical learning on the subject showed low inter-examiner agreement when the diagnosis of defects was made from images obtained from intraoral photographs. After clinical practice, there was greater intra-examiner agreement.  After theoretical training, dentists started to identify different types of enamel alteration, although with low agreement between them. Conclusion: Clinical experience in theoretical and imaging training favored the identification of defects. However, it is necessary to improve the protocol to establish a reliable and viable diagnostic method for calibration in MIH

Investigação do Teor de Nitrito em Linguiças do Tipo Toscana, Comercializadas na Região de Franca-SP

The nitrite and nitrate salts in excess are harmful to health. This work aimed at evaluating the quality of the Tuscan sausages from several producers, commercialized in the region of Franca-SP, Brazil, through the analytic quantitative method of spectrophotometry. In parallel, an evaluation of the level of knowledge of the region's producers about the risks of the abusive use of the additive was done. The nitrite levels were analyzed in six samples of Tuscan sausage, numerically classified as: I, II, II, IV, V and VI, collected in different supermarkets. The method was based on the nitrite reaction with sulphanilic acid and -naphthol with formation of a colored compound. It was verified that the samples I, II and III presented a higher nitrite concentration than the one allowed by legislation (150 mg/kg). The questionnaire applied to three of the six producers, revealed that two of them did not know the legislation, did not do nitrite concentration analysis and only one declared that he did not know the harm that this additive could cause if indiscriminately used. The results showed that 50% of the samples were in disagreement with the legislation, thus, preventive measures must be taken such as quality control for industries and health monitoring of the food involved.Os sais de nitrito e nitrato em excesso são prejudiciais à saúde. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade das linguiças do tipo toscana de vários fabricantes comercializadas na região de Franca-SP, por meio do método analítico quantitativo por espectrofotometria. Em paralelo, realizou-se uma avaliação do nível de conhecimento dos fabricantes sobre os riscos quanto ao uso abusivo desse aditivo. Os níveis de nitrito foram analisados em seis amostras de linguiça toscana, classificadas numericamente em: I, II, III, IV, V e VI, coletadas em supermercados distintos. O método foi baseado na reação do nitrito com o ácido sulfanílico e - naftol com formação de um azo composto. Constatou-se que as amostras I, II e III apresentaram concentração de nitrito muito superior ao permitido pela legislação (150 mg/kg). O questionário aplicado a três dos seis fabricantes revelou que dois deles desconhecem a legislação e não fazem análise da concentração do nitrito; somente um fabricante declarou não saber dos malefícios que esse aditivo poderia causar se usado indiscriminadamente. Os resultados permitiram indicar que 50% das amostras estavam em desacordo com a legislação, portanto, medidas preventivas devem continuar sendo tomadas, como o controle de qualidade pelas indústrias e pela vigilância sanitária

RISK FACTORS OF THE NURSING DIAGNOSIS IN THE SAFETY/PROTECTION DOMAIN: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Integrative review to summarize the available evidence in the literature on the risk factors for the nursing diagnoses in the Safety/Protection Domain and correlated adverse events in hospitalized patients. Undertaken in February 2015 through a search in the databases Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Scopus, which resulted in 19 studies. The most prevalent risk factors were: extended hospitalization, advanced age and burden of nursing professionals. The category Risk for injury presented the largest number of risk factors without correspondence in NANDA International (NANDA-I), while the category Risk for falls presented the largest number of equivalents. Thus, the presence of the risk factors cited in the literature without inclusion in NANDA-I indicates the need for more in-depth studies on the theme.Revisão integrativa com o objetivo de sintetizar as evidências disponíveis na literatura acerca dos fatores de risco dos diagnósticos de enfermagem do Domínio Segurança/Proteção e eventos adversos correlacionados em pacientes hospitalizados. Realizada em fevereiro de 2015 mediante busca nas bases de dados Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Scopus, que resultou em 19 estudos. Os fatores de risco mais prevalentes foram: tempo de internação prolongado, idade avançada e sobrecarga dos profissionais de enfermagem. A categoria Risco de lesão apresentou o maior número de fatores de risco sem correspondência NANDA Internacional (NANDA-I), em contraste, a categoria Risco de quedas apresentou o maior número de equivalentes. Deste modo, a presença de fatores de risco citados na literatura sem inclusão na NANDA-I denota necessidade de estudos mais aprofundados na temática.Revisión integradora con objeto de sintetizar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura acerca de los factores de riesgo de los diagnósticos de enfermería del Dominio Seguridad/Protección y eventos adversos correlacionados en pacientes hospitalizados. Desarrollado en febrero del 2015 mediante búsqueda en las bases de datos Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, Scientific Electronic Library Online y Scopus, que resultó en 19 estudios. Los factores de riesgo más prevalentes fueron: tiempo de internación prolongado, edad avanzada y sobrecarga de los profesionales de enfermería. La categoría Riesgo de lesión presentó el mayor número de factores de riesgo sin correspondencia en NANDA Internacional (NANDA-I). En contraste, la categoría Riesgo de caídas presentó el mayor número de equivalentes. Así, la presencia de factores de riesgo citados en la literatura sin inclusión en la NANDA-I indica necesidad de estudios más a hondo en el tema